Little evidence of the mining operations remains, as the area has been designated a Welsh Development Agency Landscape Wales Project in conjunction with Delyn Borough Council.
However, some physical remnants of the industrial past can still be seen. Shaft mounds and spoil heaps are scattered around the Pant Quarry area. The Engine House of the New North Halkyn Shaft once stood at SJ 2030 7070, though this location now lies within the quarry. The main workshops historically surrounded the Pen-y-bryn Shaft.
Intensively mined from the 18th century and became the site of large-scale operations in the 20th century, worked by several companies. The Central Halkyn Mining Company (1901-1910) and the New North Halkyn Companies entered returns for the sett (Burt et al., 1992).
The New North Halkyn Shaft, also known as the Pen-y-bryn Shaft, stood at SJ 2030 7070, with the shaft itself located to the west. This site became the central area of the Halkyn District United Mines in the 20th century and later served as the main shaft for the Deep-Level Tunnel.
The 20th-century workings were powered by electricity, and the sett was drained by the Deep-Level Tunnel. Transport within the mines was facilitated by an underground diesel railway system operated by the Halkyn District United Mines (Richardson, 1936).
Ore processing was recorded by Smith (1921), detailing the early 20th-century methods used at a concentration plant near Lewis Shaft. The ore was initially crushed with manganese steel jaws to fragments of 8mm or smaller, sorted using trommels and water classifiers, and then passed into jigs. Re-crushing was carried out using manganese steel elevator buckets, after which the material was further separated using rollers, trommels, and buddles. The sieved galena from the Pantygof Vein, which contained no fluorspar, was sent to the Potteries for glazing. Mixed grades were sent to Purex Ltd., Greenford, Middlesex, for smelting, while other shipments went to Parker & Co. of Bagillt and Messrs Quirk, Barton, and Burns of St Helens.
A new processing mill was built around the Pen-y-bryn Shaft in 1932 (Richardson, 1936). The buildings on the site were eventually demolished in 1972, while the earlier processing structures were removed in the 1960s.
External Links
Publications (3)
- (1921); BGS - Mineral Resources of GB (c1920s) Vol XIX - Lead and Zinc: in Carboniferous of North Wales; 169 pages
- Jones, Nigel and Walters, Mark and Frost, Pat (2004); Mountains and Orefields; 208 pages
- le Neve Foster, C. (1896); Mines & Quarries Report-North Wales; 57 pages