My additional comments on the Interesting discussion about Apedale. Apedale footrail is indeed a drift mine with the drifts intersecting the seams as they go down. I recall the big pits did label long, underground roadways as cross measure drifts; the system was known as horizon mining referring to the working zones that were contacted. I understand an adit to be a horizontal access into a mine, usually in a hillside. In a footrail the levels are the workings off a dip in the coal seam, the collier carefully 'steered' his level in to make the waggoning easier. However, in North Staffordshire he would often 'drift' the level back when he had reached the limit, flitching coal off the high side, setting supports and lifting his rails as he retreated thus offering efficient working. Bord and pillar working, where the seam was blocked out, was usually reserved for flatter seams. Trust this is of interest.